英语中形容词和副词有三个比较等级,即原级,比较级和最高级.
两者进行比较时,用比较级,“…比…更…”.
三者或三者以上进行比较时,用最高级“…最…”.
一.形容词或副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则.
1）单音节词尾加er或est,变成比较级或最高级.
new-newer-newest hard-harder-hardest
great-greater-greatest
2)单音节词以e结尾的,只加r或st.
large-larger-largest nice-nicer-nicest
brave-braver-bravest late-later-latest
3）以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词,应双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est.
fat-fatter-fattest big-bigger-biggest
hot-hotter-hottest thin-thinner-thinnest
4) 少数以“er”,“ow”等结尾的双音节词,末尾加er或est.
clever-cleverer- cleverest
narrow-narrower-narrowest
)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,先把y去掉,再加ier和iest
easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest
heavy-heavier-heaviest
6)其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级
easily?more easily?most easily
difficult-more difficult-most difficult
不规则变化
good-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst
many/much-more-most little-less-least
far-farther-farthest
二.用法.
1）比较级只用于两者之间,常用于“比较级+than”结构中.
e.g.He is fatter than I.
She did it more carefully than he.
2）最高级常用于“the +最高级+比较范围”
e.g.She is the best student in the class.
她是这个班里最好的学生.
She sings (the) best in the class.
她在这个班唱得最好.
3）形容词最高级前必须加the,副词最高级常可省略the.
